Transgender Women and Men
Gaps in Research
- 1.
- HIV prevention interventions and treatment programs are needed for transgendered people.
- 2.
- Health care settings must address the needs of transgendered people and reduce barriers to services.
- 3.
- Efforts are needed to mobilize transgendered women and men at a community level to support prevention and safety.
1. HIV prevention interventions and treatment programs are needed for transgendered people. Studies found that despite high rates of HIV, few prevention interventions are for transgendered people.
Gap noted, for example, in Indonesia (Riono and Praptoraharjo, 2008); India (Mahendra et al., 2008); Dominican Republic (Cascante, 2008); Colombia (Sanchez et al., 2008); Mexico (Ospina and Letouze, 2008).
Riono, P. and I. Praptoraharjo. 2008. “Sexual Behavior among Male to Female Transgenders (Warias) in 5 Indonesian Cities.” Abstract TUAC0403. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico.August 3-8.
2. Health care settings must address the needs of transgendered people and reduce barriers to services. One study found that transgendered women reported stigma, discrimination and violations of confidentiality by providers.
Gap noted, for example, in India.
3. Efforts are needed to mobilize transgendered women and men at a community level to support prevention and safety. One study found that in order to assure prevention and safety, community mobilization of transgendered people is needed.
Gap noted, for example, in Botswana, Namibia and South Africa.
Arnott, J. and A.-L. Crago. 2009. Rights Not Rescue: A Report on Female, Male and Trans Sex Workers’ Human Rights in Botswana, Namibia and South Africa. NY: Open Society Institute. www.soros.org