References

Sabapathy, K., Ford, N., Chan, K. N., Kyaw, M. K., Elema, R., Smithuis, F., & Floyd, S. 2012. Treatment outcomes from the largest antiretroviral treatment program in Myanmar (Burma): a cohort analysis of retention after scale-up. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 60(2), e53-62. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31824d5689

Saberi, P., Dong, B. J., Johnson, M. O., Greenblatt, R. M., & Cocohoba, J. M. 2012. The impact of HIV clinical pharmacists on HIV treatment outcomes: a systematic review. Journal of Patient Preference and Adherence, 6, 297-322. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S30244

Sabido, M., F. Giardina, G. Hernandez, V. Fernandez, J. Monzon, R. Ortiz, A. Montoliu and J. Casabona for the UALE Team. 2009. “The UALE Project: Decline in the Incidence of HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections and Increase in the Use of Condoms among Sex Workers in Guatemala.” Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 51 (Supplement 1): S35-S41.

Sabin, L., M. Desilva, D. Hamer, X. Keyi, Y. Yue, F. Wen, L. Tao, H. Heggenhougen, L. Seton, I. Wilson and C. Gill. 2008. “Barriers to Adherence to Antiretroviral Medications among Patients Living with HIV in Southern China: A Qualitative Study.” AIDS Care 20: 1242-1250

Sabin, M. and Y. Lo. 2010. “Progress in Providing HIV Testing and Counseling in Health Facilities: WHO/UNAIDS Guidance.” JAMA 304 (3): 342-343.

Sable, M., M. Libbus, D. Jackson and H. Hausler. 2008. “The Role of Pregnancy Intention in HIV Prevention in South Africa: A Proposed Model for Policy and Practice.” African Journal of AIDS Research 7 (2): 1-8.

Saddiq, A., R. Tolhurst, D. Lalloo and S. Theobald. 2010. “Promoting Vulnerability or Resilience to HIV? A Qualitative Study on Polygamy in Maiduguri, Nigeria.” AIDS Care 22 (2): 146-151.

Safaeian, M., M. Kiddugavu, P. Gravitt, S. Gange, J. Ssekasanvu, D. Murokora, M. Sklar, D. Serwadda, M. Wawer, K. Shah and R. Gray. 2008. “Prevalence and Risk Factors for Carcinogenic Human Papillomavirus Infections in Rural Rakai, Uganda.” Sexually Transmitted Infections 84 (4): 306-311.

Safika, I., T. Johnson and J. Levy. 2011. “A Venue Analysis of Predictors of Alcohol Use Prior to Sexual Intercourse among Female Sex Workers in Senggigi, Indonesia.” International Journal on Drug Policy 22 (1): 49-55.

Safren, S. A., Hendriksen, E. S., Smeaton, L., Celentano, D. D., Hosseinipour, M. C., Barnett, R., Guanira, J., Flanigan, T., Kumarasamy, N., Klingman, K., & Campbell, T. 2012. Quality of life among individuals with HIV starting antiretroviral therapy in diverse resource-limited areas of the world. AIDS and Behavior, 16(2), 266-277. doi: 10.1007/s10461-011-9947-5

Sagay, A., J. Musa, S. Ogwuch, E. Ejeliogu, G. Imade, C. Ekwempu, S. Kapiga, J. Sankale, J. Idoko and P. Kanki. 2008. “Outcome of Interventions to Prevent Mother-to-child Transmission of HIV-1 in Jose, Nothern Nigeria.” Abstract MOPE0526. XVII Internaitonal AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Saggurti, N., R. Verma, S. Halli, S. Swain, R. Singh, H. Modugu, S. Ramarao, B. Mahapatra and A. Jain. 2011. “Motivations for Entry into Sex Work and HIV Risk among Mobile Female Sex Workers in India.” Journal of Biosocial Science 43 (5): 535-554.

Saha, A. 2008. Options and Challenges for Converging HIV and Sexual and Reproductive Health Services in India: Findings from an Assessment in Andra Pradesh, Bihar, Maharashtra, and Uttar Pradesh. Seattle, Washington: PATH. www.path.org

Saha, A., C. Levin, J. Omega and I. Rani. 2008b. “Hidden Costs of Services: Prices of Female Sex Workers Pay for Accessing Reproductive and Health Services: An Exploratory Study from India.” Abstract THPE0527. XVII Internaitonal AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Saha, A., T. Sellers, I. Rani adn S. Pongurlekar. 2008a. “Service Provider Stigma as a Barrier to Sex Workers’ Access to Sexual and Reproductive Health Services in India.” Abstract THPE0522. XVII Internaitonal AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Salamander Trust. 2014. Building a safe house on firm ground: key findings from a global values and preferences survey regarding the sexual and reproductive health and human rights of women living with HIV. Geneva, Switzerland: The World Health Organization (WHO). http://salamandertrust.net/resources/BuildingASafeHouseOnFirmGroundFINALreport190115.pdf

Salami, A., A. Fadeyi, J. Ogunmodede and O. Desalu. 2010. “Factors Influencing Adherence to Antiretroviral Medication in Ilorin, Nigeria.” Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care 9: 191-195.

Saleem, H., Kyeyagalire, R., and Lunsford, S. S. (2014). Patient and provider perspectives on improving the linkage of HIV-positive pregnant women to long-term HIV care and treatment in eastern Uganda. African Journal Of AIDS Research (AJAR), 13(1): 45-51. doi:10.2989/16085906.2014.892015

Saloojee, H. and P. Cooper. 2010. “Feeding of Infants of HIV-Positive Mothers.” Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care 13: 336-343.

Saloojee, H., S. Velaphi, Y. Goga, N. Afadapa, R. Steen, and O. Lincetto. 2004. "The Prevention and Management of Congenital Syphilis: An Overview and Recommendations." Bulletin of the World Health Organization 82 (6): 424-430.

Samandari, T. 2009. “Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial of 6 vs36 Months Isoniazid TB Preventive Therapy for HIV-infected Adults in Botswana.” Paper 104LB presented at 17TH Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. San Francisco, USA. February 18.

Samandari, T., T. Agizew, S. Nyirenda, Z. Tedla, T. Sibanda, N. Shang, B. Mosimaneotsile, O. Motsamai, L. Bozeman, M. Davis, E. Talbot, T. Moeti, H. Moffat, P. Kilmarx, K. Castro, and C. Wells. 2011. “6-Month Versus 36-Month Isoniazid Preventive Treatment for Tuberculosis in Adults with HIV Infection in Botswana: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.” Lancet 377 (9777): 1588 – 1598.

Samara, S. 2010. “Something-for-Something Love: The Motivations of Young Women in Uganda.” Journal of Health Organization and Management 24 (5): 512-519.

Sambisa, W. 2008. “AIDS Stigma and Uptake of HIV Testing in Zimbabwe.” DHS Working Paper No. 49. Calverton, MD: Macro International Inc. www.measuredhs.com

Sambisa, W., S. Curtis and V. Mishra. 2010. “AIDS Stigma as an Obstacle to Uptake of HIV Testing: Evidence from a Zimbabwean National Population-based Survey.” AIDS Care 22 (2): 170-186.

Samet, J., C. Pace, D. Cheng, S. Coleman, C. Bridden, M. Pardesi, N. Saggurti and A. Raj. 2010. “Alcohol Use and Sex Risk Behaviors among HIV-infected Female Sex Workers (FSWs) and HIV-infected Male Clients of FSWs in India.” AIDS & Behavior 14 (Supplement 1): S74-S83.

Sampson, F. 2010. The Legal Treatment of Marital Rape in Canada, Ghana, Kenya and Malawi – A Barometer of Women’s Human Rights. Equality Effect: www.thequalityeffect.org

Samson, M., U. Lee, A. Ndlebe, K. MacQuene, I. van Niekerk, V. Gandhi, T. Harigaya and C Abrahams. 2004. Final Report: The Social and Economic Impact of South Africa’s Social Security System. Research Paper #37. Cape Town, South Africa: Economic Policy Research Institute.

Samuels, F., A. Sarna, J. Simbaya, A. Fakova, S. Geibel and N. Ndubani. 2008. “Unburdening Health Systems: The Role of Community Engagement in Supporting HIV Prevention and Adherence to ART. Findings from an Operations Research Study in Zambia.” Abstract MOPE0734. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Sanches, K. and T. Guillen. 2008. “Changing Trends in the Population Aged 50 and Older.” Abstract THPE0907. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Sanchez, V., P. Pardo, N. Escobar and A. Guevara. 2008. “Peer-led Assessment of Transgender Sex Workers in Cali, Colombia.” Abstract THPE0412. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Sande, J., D. Kaseje, L. Nyapada, and V. Owino. 2010. “Fear of Being Tested for HIV at ANC Clinics Associated with Low Uptake of Intermittent Preventative Treatment (IPT) of Malaria Among Pregnant Women Attending Bondo District Hospital, Western Kenya.” East African Journal of Public Health 7 (1): 94 – 98.

Sandgren, E., S. Sandgren, M. Urazalin and R. Andersson. 2008. “HIV/AIDS Awareness and Risk Behaviour among Pregnant Women in Semey, Kazakhstan, 2007.” BMC Public Health 8: 295.

Sando, D., Kendall, T., Lyatuu, G., Ratcliffe, H., McDonald, K., Mwanyika-Sando, M., Emil, F., Chalamilla, G. and Langer, A. (2014). Disrespect and abuse during childbirth in Tanzania: are women living with HIV more vulnerable?. Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999), 67 Suppl 4: S228-S234. doi:10.1097/QAI.0000000000000378

Sandoval, C., X. Salazar and C. Caceres. 2009. “Compensated Sex Factor in HIV Spread among Peru’s Young Women.” Exchange 2: 14-15.

Sandøy, I., C. Michelo, S. Siziya and K. Fylkesnes. 2007. “Associations between Sexual Behaviour Change in Young People and Decline in HIV Prevalence in Zambia.” BMC Public Health 7: 60.

Sandøy, I., K. Dzekedzeke and K. Fylkesnes. 2008. “Prevalence and Correlates of Concurrent Sexual Partnerships in Zambia.” AIDS & Behavior 14 (1): 59-71.

Sangala, W., P. Briggs, S. Theobald, S. Squire and J. Kemp. 2006. “Screening for Pulmonary Tuberculosis: An Acceptable Intervention for Antenatal Care Clients and Providers?” International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 10 (7): 789-794.

Sangani, P., G. Rutherford and D. Wilkinson. 2004. “Population-based Interventions for Reducing Sexually Transmitted Infections, Including HIV Infection.” Cochrane Database Systematic Review (3): CD001220.

Sankaranarayanan, R., B. Nene, S. Shastri, K. Jayant, R. Muwonge, A. Budukh, S. Hingmire, S. Malvi, R. thorat, A. Kothari, R. Chinoy, R. Kelkar, S. Kane, S. Desai, V. Keskar, R. Rajeshwarkar, N. Panse and K. Dinshaw. 2009. “HPV Screening for Cervical Cancer in Rural India.” New England Journal of Medicine 360 (14): 1385-1394.

Sanon, P., S. Kaboré, J. Wilen, S. Smith, J. Galvão. 2009. “Advocating Prevention over Punishment: The Risks of HIV Criminalization in Burkina Faso.” Reproductive Health Matters 17 (34): 146-153.

Santa -Ana-Tellez, Y., L. DeMaria, and O. Galárraga. 2011. “Costs of Interventions for AIDS Orphans and Vulnerable Children.” Tropical Medicine & International Health 16 (11): 1417-1426.

Santelli, J., Edelstein Z, Wei Y, Mathur S, Song X, Schuyler A, Nalugoda F, Lutalo T, Gray R, Wawer M, Serwadda D., 2015b. Trends in HIV acquisition, risk factors and prevention policies among youth in Uganda, 1999 – 2011. AIDS 29: 211-219.

Santelli, J., Edelstein, Z., Mathur, S., Wei, Y., Zhang, W., Orr, M., Higgins, J., Nalugoda, F., Gray, R., Wawer, M., Serwadda, D., 2013. Behavioral, biological, and demographic risk and protective factors for new HIV infections among youth in Rakai, Uganda, Epidemiology and Prevention: 394-400.

Santelli, J., Mathur, S., Song, X., Huang, T.J., et al. 2015a. "Rising School Enrollment and Declining HIV and Pregnancy Risk Among Adolescents in Rakai District, Uganda, 1994-2013." Global Social Welfare: Research, Policy & Practice 2 (2): 87-103.

Sarang, A. 2011. “Atmospheric Pressure: Russian Drug Policy as a Driver for Violations of the UN Convention against Torture.” Andrey Ryklov Foundatino, Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network and the Eurasian Harm Reduciton Network. www.ryklov-fond.ru; www.aidslaw.ca; www.harm-reduction.org.

Sarang, A., T. Rhodes, N. Sheon and K. Page. 2010. "Policing Drug Users in Russia: Risk, Fear, and Structural Violence." Substance Use & Misuse 45 (6): 813-864.

Saravanamuthy, P., L. Ramakrishnan, M. Narayanswamy, G. Ashok, K. Kalairais, P. Kalpana, D. Dineshkumar, S. Raghavan and S. Sahu. 2008. “Factors Influencing STI Service Uptake by Male-to-female Transgenders at Government Clinics in Chennai, India.” Abstract WEPE0714. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Sarkar, A., J. Sk, L. Ramakrishnan, M. Mohanty and P. Dhall. 2008b. “Non-formal Education and Income Generation Programmes Strengthen HIV Prevention in Male-to-Female Transgender Community Groups in Rural India.” Abstract THPE1096. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Sarkar, K., B. Bal, R. Mukherjee, S. Chakratory, S. Saha, A. Gosh and S. Parsons. 2008a. “Sex Trafficking, Violence, Negotiating Skill, and HIV Infection in Brothel-based Sex Workers of Eastern India, Adjoining Nepal, Bhutan, and Bangladesh." Journal of Health, Population & Nutrition 6 (2): 223-231.

Sarkar, N. 2008. “Barriers to Emergency Contraception (EC): Does Promoting EC Increase Risk for Contactin Sexually Transmitted Infections, HIV/AIDS?” International Journal of Clinical Practice 62 (11): 1769-1775.

Sarna, A., M. Chersich, J. Okal, S. Luchters, K. Mandaliy, N. Rutenberg and M. Temmerman. 2009. “Changes in Sexual Risk Taking with Anitretroviral Treatment: Influence of Context and Gender Norms in Mombasa, Kenya.” Culture, Health & Sexuality 11 (8): 783-797.

Sarna, A., S. Luchters, S. Geibel, S. Kaai, P. Munyao, K. Shikely, K. Mandaliya, J. van Dam and M. Temmerman. 2008. “Sexual Risk Behavior and HAART: A Comparative Study of HIV-Infected Persons on HAART and on Preventive Therapy in Kenya.” International Journal of STD & AIDS 19: 85-89.

Sarnquist, C., Omondi, B., Sinclair, J., Gitau, C., et al. 2014. "Rape prevention through empowerment of adolescent girls." Pediatrics 133 (5).

Sarr, M., B. Ndiaye, B., H. Loemba and M. Yasa. 2008. “Overall and Diarrhea or Lower Respiratory Infections Related Mortality among Formula Fed and Breastfed Children of HIV-1 Infected Women in Africa: A Meta-Analysis.” Abstract THAC0404. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico, City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Sartorius, B., K. Kahn, P. Vounatsou, M. Collinson and S. Tollman. 2010. “Young and Vulnerable: Spatial-temporal Trends and Risk Factors for Infant Mortality in Rural South Africa (Agincourt), 1992-2007.” BMC Public Health 10: 645.

Sasaki, Y., Kakimoto, K., Dube, C., Sikazwe, I., Moyo, C., Syakantu, G., Komada, K., Miyano, S., Ishikawa, N., Kita, K., & Kai, I. 2012. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) during the early months of treatment in rural Zambia: influence of demographic characteristics and social surroundings of patients. Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials, 11, 34. doi: 10.1186/1476-0711-11-34

Sasco, A., A. Jacquet, E. Boidin, D. Ekouevi, F. Thouillot, T. LeMabec, M.-A. Forstin, P. Renaudier, P. N’Dom, D. Malvy and F. Dabis. 2010. “The Challenge of AIDS-related Malignancies in Sub-Saharan Africa.” PLoS ONE 5 (1): e8621.

Satcher, D. 2001. “From the Surgeon General. Global HIV/AIDS Revisited.” JAMA 286 (20): 2535.

Sati, W. 2008. “Mainstreaming Disability into HIV Counseling and Testing, Care and Treatment Services by the Deaf Community through the Delivery of Deaf Mobile VCT Services.” Abstract TUPE0455. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Saw, Y.M., Poudel, K.C., Ei Kham, N.P., Chan, N., et al. 2014. "Assessment of HIV testing among young methamphetamine users in Muse, Northern Shan State, Myanmar." BMC Public Health 14 (735).

Sawe, F. and J. McIntyre. 2009. “Monitoring HIV Antiretroviral Therapy in Resource-Limited Settings: Time to Avoid Costly Outcomes.” Clinical Infectious Diseases 49: 463-465.

Sawe, F., and Lockman, S. (2013). To B or not to B? That is the question, for global mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission prevention programs. Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication Of The Infectious Diseases Society Of America, 56(3): 447-449. doi:10.1093/cid/cis862

Sawers, L. and E. Stillwaggon. 2010. “Concurrent Sexual Partnerships Do Not Explain the HIV Epidemics in Africa: A Systematic Review of the Evidence.” Journal of the International AIDS Society 13 (34).

Sawers, L., A. Isaac and E. Stillwaggon. 2011. “HIV and Concurrent Sexual Partnerships: Modelling the Role of Coital Dilution.” Journal of the International AIDS Society 14 (44).

Sax, P. and L. Baden. 2009. “When to Start Antiretroviral Therapy – Ready When You Are?” The New England Journal of Medicine

Saxton, J., R. Malyuta, I. Semenenko, T. Pilipenko, R. Tereshenko, E. Kulakovskaya, I. Adejnova, L. Kvashna and C. Thorne. 2010. “Previous Reproductive History among Post-natal Family Planning among HIV-infected Women in Ukraine.” Human Reproduction 25 (9): 2366-2373.

Schackman, B. 2010. “Implementation Science for the Prevention and Treatment of HIV/AIDS.” Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 55 (Supplement 1): S27-S31.

Schatz, E., S. Madhavan and J. Williams. 2011. “Female-headed Households Contending with AIDS-related Hardship in Rural South Africa.” Health & Place 17 (2): 598-605.

Schechter, J., Bakor, A. B., Kone, A., Robinson, J., Lue, K., and Senturia, K. (2014). Exploring loss to follow-up among women living with HIV in Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission programmes in Côte d'Ivoire. Global Public Health, 9(10): 1139-1151. doi:10.1080/17441692.2014.970659

Scheibe, A., B. Brown, Z. Duby and L.-G. Bekker. 2011. Key Populations, Key Responses: A Gap Analysis for Key Populations and HIV in South Africa, and Recommendations for the National Strategic Plan for HIV/AIDS, STIs and TB (2012-2016); Men Who Have Sex with Men; Sex Workers; Injecting Drug Users, Migrant Populations; and Transgender People. Cape Town, South Africa: Desmond Tutu Foundation. www.desmondtutuhivcentre.org.za

Schenk, K.D., Friedland, B.A., Chau, M., Stoner, M., et al. 2014. "Enrollment of adolescents aged 16-17 years old in microbicide trials: an evidence-based approach." Journal of Adolescent Health 54 (6): 654-662.

Schensul, S., N. Saggurti, J. Burleson and R. Singh. 2010. “Community-level HIV/STI Interventions and their Impact on Alcohol Use in Urban Poor Populations in India.” AIDS & Behavior 14: S158-S167.

Schmid, G. B. Williams, J. Garcia-Calleja, C. Miller, E. Segar, M. Southworth, D. Tonyan, J. Wacloff and J. Scott. 2009. “The Unexplored Story of HIV and Ageing.” Bulletin of the World Health Organization 87: 161-162.

Schmid, G., D. Smith, J. Mernin, C. Maliyackel, U. Laukamm-Josten, M. Egger and C. Gilks. 2008. “Superinfection, Serosorting, Condoms and Public Health: Unrecognized Big News, or No News? The Need for Data and Appropriate Policy.” Abstract MOPE0316. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Schneider, H., Govender, V., Harris, B., Cleary, S., Moshabela, M., & Birch, S. 2012. Gender differences in experiences of ART services in South Africa: a mixed methods study. Tropical Medicine & International Health, 17(7), 820-826. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2012.03009.x

Schnippel, K., Mongwenyana, C., Long, L. C., Larson, B. A. (2015). Delays, interruptions and losses from PMTCT of HIV services during ANC in Joburg, South Africa: A Cohort Analysis. BMC Infectious Diseases, 15: 46. doi: 10.1186/s12879-015-0778-2

Schottenfeld, R., M. Chawarski and M. Mazlan. 2008. “Maintenance Treatment with Buprenorphine and Naltrexone for Herioin Dependence in Malaysia: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-controlled Trial.” Lancet 371 (9631): 2192-2200.

Schouten, E., A. Jahn, D. Midiani, S. Makombe, A. Mnthambala, Z. Chirwa, A. Harries, J. van Oosterhout, T. Meguid, A. Ben-Smith, R. Zachariah, L. Lynen, M. Zolfo, W. van Damme, C. Gilks, R. Atun, M. Shawa and F. Chimbwandira. 2011. “Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV and the Health-related Millennnium Development Goals: Time for a Public Health Approach.” Lancet 378 (9787): 282-284.

Schubert, B., D. Webb, M. Temin, and P. Masabane. 2007. The Impact of Social Cash Transfers on Children Affected by HIV and AIDS: Evidence from Zambia, Malawi and South Africa. Lilongwe, Malawi: UNICEF/ESARO.

Schuler, S., S. Hashemi, A. Riley and S. Akhter. 1996. “Credit Programs, Patriarchy and Men’s Violence against Women in Rural Bangladesh.” Social Science and Medicine43(12): 1729-1742.

Schuler, S., S. Hashemi, and S. Badal. 1998. “Men’s Violence against Women in Rural Bangladesh: Undermined or Exacerbated by Microcredit Programmes?” Development in Practice 8 (2): 148-157.

Schunter, B.T., Cheng, W.S., Kendall, M., and Marais, H. 2014. "Lessons learned from a review of interventions for adolescent and young key populations in Asia Pacific and opportunities for programming." Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999) 66 Suppl 2 S186-192.

Schutt-Aine, J. and M. Maddaleno. 2003. Sexual Health and Development of Adolescents and Youth in the Americas: Program and Policy Implications. Washington DC: Pan American Health Organization. www.paho.org

Schwartlander, B., J. Stover, T. Hallett, R. Atun, C. Avila, E. Gouws, M. Bartos, P. Ghys, M. Opuni, D. Barr, R. Alsallaq, L. Bollinger, M. de Freitas, G. Garnett, C. Holmes, K. Legins, Y. Pillay, A. Stanciole, C. McClure, G. Hirnschall, M. Laga and N. Padian on Behalf of the Investment Framework Study Group. 2011. “Towards an Improved Investment Approach for an Effective Response to HIV/AIDS.” Lancet 377 (9782): 2031-2041.

Schwartz, S. R., Clouse, K., Yende, N., van Rie, A., Bassett, J., Ratshefola, M., and Pettifor, A. (2015b). Acceptability and feasibility of a mobile phone-based case management intervention to retain mothers and infants from an option B+ program in postpartum HIV care. Maternal And Child Health Journal, 19(9): 2029-2037. doi:10.1007/s10995-015-1715-0

Schwartz, S., Papworth, E., Thiam-Niangoin, M., Abo, K., Drame, F., Diouf, D., Bamba, A., Ezouatchi, R., Tety, J., Grover, E., and Baral, S. (2015a). An urgent need for integration of family planning services into HIV care: The high burden of unplanned pregnancy, termination of pregnancy, and limited contraception use among female sex workers in Cote d’Ivoire. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes , 68(2): S91-S98.

Schweizer, J., P. Lu, C. Mahoney, M. Berard-Bergery, M. Ho, V. Ramasamy, J. Silver, A. Bisht, Y. Labiad, R. Peck, J. Lim, J. Jeronimo, R. Howard, P. Gravitt and P. Castle. 2010. “Feasibility Study of a Human Papillomavirus E6 Oncoprotein Test for Diagnosis of Cervical Precancer and Cancer.” Journal of Clinical Microbiology 48 (12): 4646-8.

Sciarra, J. 2009. “Global Issues in Women’s Health.” International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics 104: 77-79.

Scorgie, F., D. Nakato, D. Akoth, M. Netshivhambe, P. Chakuvinga, P. Nkomo, P. Abdalla, S. Sibanda and M. Richter. 2011. “‘I Expect to Be Abused and I Have Fear’: Sex Workers’ Experiences of Human Rights Violations and Barriers to Accessing Healthcare in Four African Countries.” Capetown, South Africa: African Sex Worker Alliance. ASWA_Report_HR_Violations_and_Healthcare_Barriers_14_April_2011.pdf

Scott, C. A., Iyer, H. S., McCoy, K., Moyo, C., Long, L., Larson, B. A., & Rosen, S. 2014. Retention in care, resource utilization, and costs for adults receiving antiretroviral therapy in Zambia: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Public Health, 14, 296. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-296

Scott-Sheldon, L., T. Huedo-Medina, M. Warren, B. Johnson and M. Carey. 2011b. “Efficacy of Behavioral Interventions to Increase Condom Use and Reduce Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Meta-analysis, 1991-2010.” Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 58 (5): 489-498.

Sculier, D., H. Gethun and C. Lienhardt. 2011. “Improving the Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of TB among People Living with HIV: The Role of Operational Research.” Journal of the International AIDS Society 14 (Supplement 1): S5.

Searing, H., B. Farrell, S. Gutin, N. Johri, L. Subramanian, H. Kakande, G. Nagendi, M. Randiki and M. Masita-Mwangi. 2008. Evaluation of a Family Planning and Antiretroviral Therapy Pilot in Mbale, Uganda. New York, NY: Acquire Evaluation and Research Studies. http://www.acquireproject.org/fileadmin/user_upload/ACQUIRE/Publications/FP-ART-Integration-final.pdf

Sears, D., C. Cabrera, F. Ortiz-Mejia, B. Anderson and M. Stein. 2011. “Sexual Risk Behavior among HIV-positive Patients at an Urban Clinic in Santiago, Dominican Republic.” AIDS Care 23 (12): 1637-1643.

Sears, D., C. Cabrera-Rodriguez, F. Ortiz-Mejia, B. Anderson and M. Stein. 2008. “Sexual Risk Behavior among HIV-positive Patients at an Urgan Clinic in Santiago, Dominican Republic.” AIDS Care 20 (2): 191-197.

Sebitloane, H. and R. Mhlanga. 2008. “Changing Patterns of Maternal Mortality (HIV/AIDS Related) in Poor Countries.” Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology 22 (3): 489-499.

Sebitloane, H., J. Moodley and T. Esterhuizen. 2009. “Determinants of Postpartum Infectious Complications among HIV Uninfected and Antiretroviral Naïve-HIV Infected Women Following Vaginal Delivery: A Prospective Cohort Study.” European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 145 (2): 158-162.

Seckinelgin, H., J. Bigirumwami and J. Morris. 2011. “Conflict and Gender: The Implications of the Burundian Conflict on HIV/AIDS Risks.” Conflict, Security & Development 11 (1): 55-78.

Sedio, G. 2008a. Presentation TUSAT09. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Sedio, G. 2008b. Interview with Jill Gay, Gabarone, Botswana.

Sedio, G. 2009. “HIV and Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights: Moving Toward a Comprehensive Approach.” Presentation for UNAIDS. Washington, DC. Oct. 15.

Seeley, J. and S. Russell. 2010. “Social Rebirth and Social Transformation? Rebuilding Social Lives after ART in Rural Uganda.” AIDS Care 22 (S1): 44-50.

Seeley, J., S. Dercon and T. Barnett. 2010. “The Effects of HIV/AIDS on Rural Communities in East Africa: A 20-year Perspective.” Tropical Medicine and International Health 15 (3): 329-335.

Seely, J., S. Russell, K. Khana, R. King and R. Bunnell. 2008. “Sex after ART: The Nature of Sexual Partnerships Established by HIV-infected Persons Taking Anti-retroviral Therapy in Eastern Uganda.” Abstract THPE0819. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Sekandi, J., H. Sempeera, J. List, M. Mugerwa, S. Asiimwe, X. Yin and C. Whalen. 2011. “High Acceptance of Home-based HIV Counseling and Testing in an Urban Community Setting in Uganda.” BMC Public Health 11: 730.

Sekirime, W. and J. Lule. 2009. “Outcome of Cesarean Section in Asymptomatic HIV-1 Infection in Kampala, Uganda.” Journal of Obstetric and Gynaecological Research 35(4): 679-699.

Selikow, T.A., Ahmed, N., Flisher, A., Mathews, C., et al. 2009. "I am not 'umqwayito': A qualitative study of peer pressure and sexual risk behavior among young adolescents in Cape Town, South Africa." Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 37 (Supplement 2): 107-112.

Selke, H., S. Kimayo, J. Sidle, R. Vedanthan, W. Tierney, C. Shen, C. Deenski, A. Katschke and K. Wools-Kaloustian. 2010. “Task-shifting of Antiretroviral Delivery from Health Care Workers to Persons Living with HIV/AIDS: Clinical Outcomes of a Community-based Program in Kenya.” Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 55 (4): 483-490.

Sellers, T., A. Saha, I. Khan and J. Omega. 2008. “Identifying HIV and SRH Service Integration Options to Increase Access to Family Planning and Safe Abortion for HIV Positive Women in India.” Abstract THPE0527. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Semprini, A., L. Hollander, A. Vucetich, and C. Gilling-Smith. 2008. “Infertility Treatment for HIV-Positive Women.” Women’s Health 4 (4): 369-382.

Semrau, K., L. Kuhn, C. Vwalika, P. Kasonde, M. Sinkala, C. Kankasa, E. Shutes, G. Aldrovandi and D. Thea. 2005. “Women in Couples Antenatal HIV Counseling and Testing Are Not More Likely to Report Adverse Social Events.” AIDS 19 (6): 603-609.

Sengupta, S. and T. Tandon. 2008. “Policy and Politics: Rights of Indian Sex Workers.” Abstract TUPE0952. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico.

Sengupta, S., B. Banks, D. Jonas, M. Miles, and G. Smith. 2011. “HIV Interventions to Reduce HIV/AIDS Stigma: A Systematic Review.” AIDS & Behavior 15: 1075–1087.

Sepulveda, J. 2008. Plenary presentation MOPL0102. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Sepulveda, J., C. Carpenter, J. Curran, W. Holzemer, H. Smits, K. Scott and M. Orza, editors and the IOM Committee for the Evaluation of PEPFAR Implementation. 2007. PEPFAR Implementation: Progress and Promise. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.

Serna-Bolea, C., J. Munoz, J. Almeida, A. Nhacolo, E. Letang, T. Nhampossa, E. Ferreir, P. Alonso and D. Naniche. 2010. “High Prevalence of Symptomatic Acute HIV Infection in an Outpatient Ward in Southern Mozambique: Identification and Follow-up.” AIDS 24: 603-608.

Serra-Casas, E., C. Menéndez, A. Bardají, L. Quintó, C. Dobaño, B. Sigauque, A. Jiménez, I. Mandomando, V. Chauhan, C. Chitnis, P. Alonso, and A. Mayor. 2010. “The Effect of Intermittent Preventative Treatment during Pregnancy on Malaria Antibodies Depends on HIV Status and Is Not Associate with Poor Delivery Outcomes.” Journal of Infectious Diseases 201: 123 – 131.

Sethuraman, K., W. Hammond, M. Hoang, K. Dearden, M. Nguyen, H. Phan and N. Ngyugen. 2011. Challenges for Safe Replacement Feeding among HIV-positive Mothers in Vietnam: A Qualitative Study of Mothers, Fathers, Health Care Providers and Other Experts. Washington, DC: USAID, Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance II Project.

Severe, L., S. Nerette, C. Nolte, D. Fitzgerald and J. Pape. 2008. “Eradication of Congenital Syphilis.” Abstract MOPE0351. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Severe, P., M. Jean-Juste, A. Ambroise, L. Elliacin, C. Marchand, S. Apollon, A. Edwards, H. Bang, J. Nicotera, C. Godfrey, R. Gulick, W. Johnson, J. Pape and D. Fitzgerald. 2010. “Early versus Standard Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV-Infected Adults in Haiti.” The New England Journal of Medicine 363:257-65.

Sewnunan, A., and Modiba, L. M. (2015). Influence of the home environment on the prevention of mother to child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune-deficiency syndrome in South Africa. SAHARA J: Journal Of Social Aspects Of HIV/AIDS Research Alliance / SAHARA , Human Sciences Research Council, 1259-65. doi:10.1080/17290376.2015.1123645

Sewnunan, A., and Modiba, L. M. (2015). Influence of the home environment on the prevention of mother to child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune-deficiency syndrome in South Africa. SAHARA J: Journal Of Social Aspects Of HIV/AIDS Research Alliance / SAHARA , Human Sciences Research Council, 1259-65. doi:10.1080/17290376.2015.1123645

Sgombich Mancilla, M., D. Ottenberger, L. Moay, C. Pedraza, H. Hernandez, I. Matute, L. Valdebenito and J. Gonzalez. 2008. “Quality of Life, Determinants, Gender and Sexual Orientation.” Abstract THPE0659. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Shafer, L., R. Nsubuda, R. White, B. Mayanja, R. Chapman, K. O’Brien, L. Van der Paal, H. Grosskurth and D. Maher. 2011. “Antiretroviral Therapy and Sexual Behavior in Uganda: A Cohort Study.” AIDS 25: 671-678.

Shaffer, D., Hughes, M. D., Sawe, F., Bao, Y., Moses, A., Hogg, E., Lockman, S., & Currier, J. 2014. Cardiovascular disease risk factors in HIV-infected women after initiation of lopinavir/ritonavir- and nevirapine-based antiretroviral therapy in Sub-Saharan Africa: A5208 (OCTANE). Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 66(2), 155-163. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000131

Shaffer, N., Abrams, E. J., and Becquet, R. (2014). Option B+ for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in resource-constrained settings: great promise but some early caution. AIDS (London, England), 28(4): 599-601. doi:10.1097/QAD.0000000000000144

Shah, M., B. Johns, A. Abimiku and D. Walker. 2011. “Cost-Effectiveness of New WHO Recommendations for Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV in a Resource-Limited Setting.” AIDS 25 (8): 1093-1102.

Shah, M., N. Osborne, M. Mbilizi, and G. Vilili. 2001. Impact of HIV/AIDS on Agriculture Productivity and Rural Livelihoods in the Central Region of Malawi. Lilongwe, Malawi: Care International in Malawi.

Shahmanesh, M., S. Wayal, A. Copas, V. Patel, D. Mabey and F. Cowan. 2009b. “A Study Comparing Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV among Ex-red-light District and Non-red-light District Sex Workers after the Demolition of Baina Red-light District.” Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 52 (2): 253-257.

Shahmanesh, M., S. Wayal, G. Andrew, V. Patel, F. Cowan and G. Hart. 2009a. “HIV Prevention While the Bulldozers Roll: Exploring the Effect of the Demolition of Goa’s Red Light Area.” Social Science & Medicine 69 (4): 604-612.

Shahmanesh, M., V. Patel, D. Mabey and F. Cowan. 2008. “Effectiveness of Interventions for the Prevention of HIV and Other Sexually Transmitted Infections in Female Sex Workers in Resource Poor Setting: A Systematic Review.” Tropical Medicine and International Health 13 (5): 659-679.

Shaibu, S. 2006. “Community Home-based Care in a Rural Village: Challenges and Strategies.” Journal of Transcultural Nursing 17 (1): 86-94.

Shamu, S., Zarowsky, C., Shefer, T., Temmerman, M., and Abrahams, N. (2014). Intimate Partner Violence after Disclosure of HIV Test Results among Pregnant Women in Harare, Zimbabwe. Plos ONE, 9(10): 1-8. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0109447

Shannon, K. and J. Csete. 2010. “Violence, Condom Negotiation, and HIV/STI Risk among Sex Workers.” JAMA 304 (5): 573-574.

Shannon, K., A. Kaida, B. Rachlis, E. Lloyd-Smith, G. Gray and S. Strathdee. 2008. “Reconsidering the Impact of Conflict on HIV Infection among Women in the Era of Antiretroviral Treatment Scale-up in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Gender Lens.” AIDS 22 (14): 1705-1707.

Shannon, K., S. Strathdee, J. Shoveller, M. Rusch, T. Kerr and M. Tyndall. 2009. “Structural and Environmental Barriers to Condom Use Negotiation with Clients among Female Sex Workers: Implications for HIV-prevention Strategies and Policies.” American Journal of Public Health 99 (4): 659-665.

Shapiro, K. and S. Ray. 2007. “Sexual Health for People Living with HIV.” Reproductive Health Matters 15 (9): 67-92.

Shapiro, R., L. Smeaton, S. Lockman, I. Thior, R. Rossenkhan, C. Wester, L. Stevens, C. Moffat, P. Arimi, P. Ndase, A. Asmelash, J. Leidner, V. Novitsky, J. Makhema and M. Essex. 2009. “Risk Factors for Early and Late Transmission of HIV via Breast-Feeding among Infants Born to HIV-Infected Women in a Randomized Clinical Trial in Botswana.” Journal of Infectious Diseases 199 (3): 414-418.

Shapiro, R., M. Hughes, A. Ogwu, D. Kitch, S. Lockman, C. Moffat, J. Makhema, S. Moyo, I. Thior, K. McIntosh, E. van Widenfelt, J. Leidner, K. Powis, A. Asmelash, E. Tumbare, S. Zwerski, U. Sharma, E. Handelsman, K. Mburu, O. Jayeoba, E. Moko, S. Souda, E. Lubega, M. Akhtar, C. Wester, R. Tuomola, W. Snowden, M. Martinez-Tristani, L. Mazhani and M. Essex. 2010. “Antiretroviral Regimens in Pregnancy and Breast-Feeding in Botswana.” New England Journal of Medicine 362 (24): 2282-2294.

Shapiro, R., S. Lockman, I. Thior, L. Stocking, P. Kebaabetswe, C. Wester, T. Peter, R. Marlink and M. Essex. 2003. “Low Adherence to Recommended Infant Feeding Strategies Among HIV-Infected Women: Results from the Pilot Phase of a Randomized Trial to Prevent Mother-to-Child Transmission in Botswana.” AIDS Education and Prevention 15 (3): 221-230.

Shapoval, A. and S. Pinkham. 2011. Technical Report: Women and Harm Reduction in Central Asia. Quality Health Care Project in the Central Asian Republics. Washington, DC: USAID, Abt Associates.

Sharma, D. and P. Spearman. 2008. “The Impact of Cesarean Delivery on Transmission of Infectious Agents to the Neonate.” Clinical Perinatology 35: 407-420.

Sharma, M., E. Oppenheimer, T. Saidel, V. Loo and R. Garg. 2009. “A Situation Update on HIV Epidemics among People Who Inject Drugs and National Responses in South-east Asia Region.” AIDS 23 (11): 1405-1413.

Shattock, R., M. Warren, S. McCormack and C. Hankins. 2011. “Turning the Tide against HIV.” Science 333: 42-43.

Shaw, D. 2009. “Access to Sexual and Reproductive Health for Young People: Bridging the Disconnect between Rights and Reality.” International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics 106 (2): 132-136.

Shelton, J. 2009. “Why Multiple Sexual Partners?” Lancet 374: 367-369.

Shelton, J. 2011a. “ARVs as HIV Prevention: A Tough Road to Wide Impact.” Science 334 (6063): 1645-1656

Shelton, J. 2011b. “Scientists and the Media Must Give a Balanced View.” Nature 479 (7371): 7.

Shelton, J. and A. Peterson. 2004. “The Imperative for Family Planning in ART in Africa.” Lancet 364: 1916-1918.

Shelton, J., D. Halperin, V. Nantulya, M. Potts, H. Gayle and K. Holmes. 2004. “Partner Reduction is Crucial for Balanced ‘ABC’ Approach to HIV Prevention.” BMJ328: 891-893.

Sheng, Y., Z. Qiu, Y. He, N. Juniper and Y. Zhang. 2010. “Living Conditions and Palliative Care Needs Among End-Of-Life Former Commercial Plasma Donors Affected With HIV/AIDS in Rural Henan of China.” Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 23 (4): 279-286.

Shepherd, B., C. Jenkins, P. Robeiro, S. Stinnette, S. Bebawy, C. McGowan, T. Hulgan and T. Sterling. 2010. “Estimating the Optimal CD4 Count for HIV-infected Persons to Start Antiretroviral Therapy.” Epidemiology 21: 698-705.

Sherman, S., A. Kamarulzaman and P. Spittal. 2008. “Women and Drugs across the Globe: A Call to Action.” International Journal on Drug Policy 19: 97-98.

Sherman, S., D. German, Y. Cheng, M. Marks and M. Bailey-Kloche. 2006. “The Evaluation of the JEWEL Project: An Innovative Economic Enhancement and HIV Prevention Intervention Study Targeting Drug using Women Involved in Prostitution.” AIDS Care 18 (1): 1-11.

Sherr, L. 2008. Strengthening families through HIV/AIDS Prevention, Treatment, Care and Support. Technical Report. Boston, MA: Joint Learning Initiative on Children and HIV/AIDS (JLICA).

Sherr, L. 2010. “Fathers and HIV: Considerations for Families.” Journal of the International AIDS Society 13 (Supplement 2): S4.

Sherr, L., and Croome, N. (2012). Involving fathers in prevention of mother to child transmission initiatives - what the evidence suggests. Journal Of The International Aids Society, 15(2).

Sherr, L., B. Lopman, M. Kakowa, S. Dube, G. Chawira, C. Nyamukapa, N. Oberzaucher, I. Cremin and S. Gregson. 2007. “Voluntary Counselling and Testing: Uptake, Impact on Sexual Behavior, and HIV Incidence in a Rural Zimbabwean Cohort.” AIDS 21: 851-860.

Sheth, P. M., Yi, T. J., Kovacs, C., Kemal, K. S., Jones, R. B., Osborne, B., Pilon, R., la Porte, C., Ostrowski, M., Mazzulli, T., Burger, H., Weiser, B., & Kaul, R. 2012. Mucosal correlates of isolated HIV semen shedding during effective antiretroviral therapy. Mucosal Immunol, 5(3), 248-257. doi: 10.1038/mi.2012.1

Shetty, A., C. Marangwanda, L. Stranix-Chibanda, W. Chandisarewa, E. Chirapa, A. Mahomva, A. Miller, M. Simoyi and Y. Maldonado. 2008a. “The Feasibility of Preventing Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Using Peer Counselors in Zimbabwe.” AIDS Research and Therapy 5: 17.

Shetty, A., M. Mhazo, S. Moyo, A. von Lieven, P. Mateta, D. Katzenstein, Y. Maldonado, D. Hill and M. Bassett. 2005. “The Feasibility of Voluntary Counselling and HIV Testing for Pregnant Women using Community Volunteers in Zimbabwe.” International Journal of STD & AIDS 16 (11): 755-759.

Shetty, P., R. Granich, A. Patil, S. Sawant, S. Sahu, D. Wares, L, Chauhan and P. Joshi. 2008b. “Cross-referral between Voluntary HIV Counseling and Testing Centres and TB Services, Maharashtra, India, 2003-2004.” International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 12 (3): S26-S31.

Sheue-Rong, L., H. Tsuei-Mi, H. Hui-Chun and S. Lai-Chu. 2008. “The Successful Pilot Harm Reduction Campaing in Taoyuan County.” Abstract WEPE1080. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Shiffman, J., D. Berlan and T. Hafner. 2009. “Has AIDS for AIDS Raised All Health Funding Boats?” Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 52 (Supplement 1): S45-S48.

Shin, S., M. Munoz, J. Zeladita, S. Slavin, A. Caldas, E. Sanchez, M. Callacna, C. Rojas, J. Arevalo, J. Sebastian and J. Bayona. 2010. “How Does Directly Observed Therapy Work? The Mechanisms and Impact of a Comprehensive Directly Observed Therapy Intervention of HAART in Peru.” Health and Social Care in the Community 19 (3): 261-271.

Shroufi, A., Gunguwo, H., Dixon, M, Nyathi, M., Ndebele, W., Saint-Sauveur, J.F., Taziwa, F., Ferreyra C., Vinoles, M.C., and Ferrand, R. A. 2013. HIV-infected adolesents in southern Africa can achieve good treatment outcomes: results from a retrospective cohort study. AIDS Vol 27 No 12. 1971-1978

Shuey, D., B. Baishangire, S. Omiat, and S. Bagarukayo.1999. “Increased Sexual Abstinence among In-school Adolescents as a Result of School Health Education in Soroti District, Uganda.” Health Education Research14(3): 411-419.

Shuper, P., M. Neuman, F. Kanteres, D. Baliunas, N. Joharchi and J. Rehm. 2010. “Causal Considerations on Alcohol and HIV/AIDS – A Systematic Review.” Alcohol & Alcoholism 45 (2): 159-166.

Sidibé, M. 2009a. Presentation at the UN Commission on the Status of Women. New York. March 2.

Sidibé, M. 2009b. Press release from the HIV Vaccines and Microbicides Resource Tracking Group. Capetown, South Africa. IAC. July 20.

Sidibe, M. and K. Buse. 2010.

Sidibe, M. and K. Buse. 2010. “Fomenting a Prevention Revolution for HIV.” Lancet 375: 533-535.

Sidney, K., Antony, J., Rodrigues, R., Arumugam, K., Krishnamurthy, S., D'Souza, G., De Costa, A., & Shet, A. 2012. Supporting patient adherence to antiretrovirals using mobile phone reminders: patient responses from South India. AIDS Care, 24(5), 612-617. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2011.630357

Siedner, M. J., Musinguzi, N., Tsai, A. C., Muzoora, C., Kembabazi, A., Weiser, S. D., Bennett, J., Hunt, P. W., Martin, J. N., Haberer, J. E., & Bangsberg, D. R. 2014. Treatment as long-term prevention: sustained reduction in HIV sexual transmission risk with use of antiretroviral therapy in rural Uganda. AIDS, 28(2), 267-271. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000136

Siegfried, N., L. van der Merwe, P. Brocklehurst and T. Sint. 2011. “Antiretrovirals for Reducing the Risk of Mother-to-child Transmission of HIV Infection (Review).” Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (7): CD003510.

Siegfried, N., M. Muller, J. Deeks and J. Volmink. 2009. “Male Circumcision for Prevention of Heterosexual Acquisition of HIV in Men (Review).” Cochrane Database Systematic Review (2): CD003362.

Siegfried, N., O. Uthman and G. Rutherford. 2010. “Optimal Time of Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy in Asymptomatic, HIV-Infected, Treatment-Naïve Adults (Review).” Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (3): CD008272.

Siika, A., W. Nyandiko, A. Mwangi, M. Waxman, J. Sidle, S. Kimaiyo and K. Wools-Kaloustian. 2009. “The Structure and Outcomes of a HIV Postexposure Prophylaxis Program in a High HIV Prevalence Setup in Western Kenya.” Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 51 (1): 47-53.

Sikkema, K., S. Neufeld, N. Hansen, R. Mohlahane, M. Rensburg, M. Watt, A. Fox and M. Crewe. 2009. “Integrating HIV Prevention into Services for Abused Women in South Africa.” AIDS and Behavior 14 (2): 431-439.

Silberschmidt, M. and V. Rasch. 2001. “Adolescent Girls, Illegal Abortions and ‘Sugar-Daddies’ in Dar es Salaam: Vulnerable Victims and Active Social Agents.” Social Science & Medicine 52 (12): 1815-1826.

Silva, E., D. Lewi, G. Vedovato, V. Garcia, S. Tenore and K. Bassichetto. 2010. “Nutritional and Clinical Status and Dietary Patterns in Individuals with HIV/AIDS in Outpatient Care in Sao Paolo, Brazil.” Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia 13 (4): 677-688.

Silva, N. and J. Ayres. 2008. “Disease Control, Immorality, Illegality: Concepts of Health Professionals about Notifying Sexual Partners, in STD/AIDS Specialized Health Services of the City of Sao Paolo, Brasil.” Abstract MOPE0475. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Silverman, J. 2010 “Key to Prevent HIV in Women: Reduce Gender-based Violence.” Lancet 376 (9734): 6-7.

Silverman, J. 2011. “Adolescent Female Sex Workers: Invisibility, Violence and HIV.” Archives of Disease in Childhood 96 (5): 478-481.

Silverman, J., M. Decker, N. Saggurti, D. Balaiah and A. Raj. 2008. “Intimate Partner Violence and HIV Infection among Married Indian Women.” JAMA 300 (6): 703-710.

Simbayi, L, S. Kalichman, A. Strebel, A. Cloete, N. Henda and A. Mqeketo. 2007. “Disclosure of HIV Status to Sex Partners and Sexual Risk Behaviours among HIV-positive Men and Women, Cape Town, South Africa.” Sexually Transmitted Infections 83: 29-34.

Simic, M. and T. Rhodes. 2009. “Violence, Dignity and HIV Vulnerability: Street Sex Work in Serbia.” Sociology of Health & Illness 31 (1): 1-16.

Simon, M., F. Altice, A. Moll, M. Shange and G. Friedland. 2010. “Preparing for Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Rollout in Rural South Africa: An Assessment using the Information, Motivation and Behavioral Skills Model.” AIDS Care 22 (4): 462-474.

Simwaka, B., G. Bello, H. Banda, R. Chimizi, B. Squire and S. Theobald. 2007. “The Malawi National Tuberculosis Programme: An Equity Analysis.” International Journal for Equity in Health 6: 24.

Singh S., J. Darroch, M. Vlassoff and J. Nadeau. 2003b. Adding It Up: The Benefits of Investing in Sexual and Reproductive Health Care. Washington, DC: Guttmacher Institute and UNFPA.

Singh, A. 2008. “Workplace Policies on HIV/AIDS and the Right to Non-discrimination: Pilot Initiatives in Nepal.” Abstract WEPE0941. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Singh, D., K. Anastos, D. Hoover, R. Burk, Q. Shi, L. Ngendahayo, E. Mutimura, A. Cajigas, V. Bigirimani, X. Cai, J. Rwamwejo, M. Vuolo, M. Cohen and P. Castle. 2009a. “Human Papillomavirus Infection and Cervical Cytology in HIV-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Rwandan Women.” Journal of Infectious Disease 199: 1851-1861.

Singh, K., B. Bruckner, J. Tate, P. Ndubani and J. Kamawanga. 2011. “Age, Poverty and Alcohol Use as HIV Risk Factors for Women in Mongu, Zambia.” African Health Sciences 11 (2): 204-210.

Singh, K., Moran, A., Story, W., Bailey, P., and Chavane, L. (2014). Clinical article: Acknowledging HIV and malaria as major causes of maternal mortality in Mozambique. International Journal Of Gynecology And Obstetrics, 12: 735-40. doi:10.1016/j.ijgo.2014.05.002

Singh, K., W. Sambisa, S. Munyati, B. Chandiwana, A. Chingono, R. Monash and S. Weir. 2010. “Targeting HIV Interventions for Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Southern Africa: Use of the PLACE Methodology in Hwange, Zimbabwe.” AIDS & Behavior 14 (1): 200-208.

Singh, L.S., Devi, P., Phesao, E., Singh, N.N., Singh, A. Y. and Kom, T. T. (2015). Prevalence of HIV seropositive delivery in a tertiary care hospital, Manipur. Journal of Medical Society, 29 (1). doi: 10.4103/0972-4958.158918

Singh, S., J. Darroch and A. Bankole. 2003a. A, B and C in Uganda: The Roles of Abstinence, Monogamy and Condom Use in HIV Decline. Occasional Report No. 9. New York, NY: Guttmacher Institute.

Singh, S., J. Darroch, L. Ashford and M. Vlassoff. 2009b. Adding it Up: The Costs and Benefits of Investing in Family Planning and Maternal and Newborn Health. New York, NY: The Guttmacher Institute and UNFPA.

Singh, Y. and Y. Singh. 2008. “Health and Treatment Seeking Behavior among Hijras.” Abstract MOAX0203. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Sinha, G., A. Dyalchand, M. Khale, G. Kulkarni, S. Vasudevan and R. Bollinger. 2008. “Low Utilization of HIV Testing During Pregnancy: What are the Barriers to HIV Testing for Women in Rural India?” Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 47 (2): 248-252.

Sinha, G., D. Peters and R. Bollinger. 2009. “Strategies for Gender-equitable HIV Services in Rural India.” Health Policy and Planning 24: 197-208.

Sinkala, M., K. Conley, c. Nguni, L. Mbulo, M. Mbecchi and S. Hamilton. 2008. “Zambian Men Take the Lead in Accessing VCT Services.” Abstract TUPE0374. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Siregar, A., D. Komarudin, R. Wisaksana, R. van Crevel and R. Baltussen. 2011. “Costs and Outcomes of VCT Delivery Models in the Context of Scaling Up Services in Indonesia.” Tropical Medicine & International Health 16 (2): 193-199.

Siringi, S. 2010. “HIV/AIDS on the Rise in Young People in Kenya.” Lancet Infectious Diseases 10 (3): 149.

Sirivongrangson, P., L. Bollen, A. Chaovavanich, O. Suksripanich, P. Virapat, P. Tunthanathip, J. Ausavapipit, S. Lokpichat, U. Siangphoe, N. Jirarojwat, V. Pobkeeree, S. Supawitkul, J. Tappero and W. Levine. 2007. “Screening HIV-Infected Women for Cervical Cancer in Thailand: Findings from a Demonstration Project.” Sexually Transmitted Diseases 34 (2): 104-107.

Sisay, S., Erku, W., Medhin, G., and Woldeyohannes, D. 2014. "Perception of high school students on risk for acquiring HIV and utilization of voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) service for HIV in Debre-berhan Town, Ethiopia: a quantitative cross-sectional study." BMC Research Notes 7 518.

Siu, G. E., Seeley, J., & Wight, D. 2013. Dividuality, masculine respectability and reputation: how masculinity affects men's uptake of HIV treatment in rural eastern Uganda. Social Science & Medicine, 89, 45-52. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.04.025

Siu, G. E., Wight, D., & Seeley, J. 2012. How a masculine work ethic and economic circumstances affect uptake of HIV treatment: experiences of men from an artisanal gold mining community in rural eastern Uganda. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 15 Suppl 1, 1-9. doi: 10.7448/IAS.15.3.17368

Six Week Extended-Dose Nevirapine Writing Team (SWEN). 2008. “Extended-dose Nevirapine to 6 Weeks of Age for Infants to Prevent HIV Transmission via Breastfeeding in Ethiopia, India, and Uganda: An Analysis of Three Randomized Controlled Trials.” Lancet 372: 300-313.

Skevington, S., S. Norweg, M. Standage and the WHOQOL HIV Group. 2010. “Predicting Quality of Life for People Living with HIV: International Evidence from Seven Cultures.” AIDS Care 22 (5): 614-622.

Skinner D., U. Rivette and C. Bloomberg. 2007. “Evaluation of Use of Cellphones to Aid Compliance with Drug Therapy for HIV Patients.” AIDS Care 19(5): 605-7.

Skinner-Adams, T., J. McCarthy, D. Gardiner and K. Andrews. 2008. “HIV and Malaria Co-Infection: Interactions and Consequences of Chemotherapy.” Trends in Parasitology 24 (6): 264-271.

Skovdal, M. 2010. “Children Caring for their ‘Caregivers’: Exploring the Caring Arrangements in Households Affected by AIDS in Western Kenya.” AIDS Care 22 (1): 96-103.

Skovdal, M., C. Campbell, C. Madanhire, C. Nyamukapa and S. Gregson. 2011a. “Challenges Faced by Elderly Guardians in Sustaining the Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-infected Children in Zimbabwe.” AIDS Care 23 (8): 957-964.

Skovdal, M., C. Campbell, C. Nyamukapa and S. Gregson. 2011b. “When Masculinity Interferes with Women’s Treatment of HIV Infection: A Qualitative Study about Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in Zimbabwe.” Journal of the International AIDS Society 14: 29.

Skovdal, M., C. Campbell, K. Nhongo, C. Nyamukapa and S. Gregson. 2011c. “Contextual and Psychosocial Influences on Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence in Rural Therapy Adherence in Rural Zimbabwe: Towards a Systematic Framework for Programme Planners.” International Journal of Health Planning & Management 26 (3): 296-318.

Skovdal, M., Campbell, C., Madanhire, C., Mupambireyi, Z., Nyamukapa, C., & Gregson, S. 2011d. Masculinity as a barrier to men's use of HIV services in Zimbabwe. Global Health, 7, 13. doi: 10.1186/1744-8603-7-13

Skovdal, M., V. Ogutu, C. Aoro and C. Campbell. 2009. "Young Carers as Social Actors: Coping Strategies of Children Caring for Ailing or Ageing Guardians in Western Kenya." Social Science & Medicine 69 (4): 587-595.

Skovdal, M., W. Mwasiaji, A. Webale and A. Tomkins. 2010. “Building Orphan Competent Communities: Experiences form a Community-based Capital Cash Transfer Initiative in Kenya.” Health Policy & Planning 26 (3): 233-241.

Slaymaker, E., J. Bwanika, I. Kasamba, T. Lutalo, D. Maher and J. Todd. 2009. “Trends in Age at First Sex In Uganda: Evidence from Demographic and Health Survey Data and Longitudinal Cohorts in Masaka and Rakai.” Sexually Transmitted Infections 85 (Supplement 1): i12-i19.

Slaymaker, E., Todd, J., Marston, M., Calvert, C., Michael, D., Nakiyingi-Miiro, J., Crampin, A., Lutalo, T., Herbst, K., & Zaba, B. 2014. How have ART treatment programmes changed the patterns of excess mortality in people living with HIV? Estimates from four countries in East and Southern Africa. Global Health Action, 7, 22789. doi: 10.3402/gha.v7.22789

Slonim-Nevo, V. and L. Mukuka. 2007. “Child Abuse and AIDS-related Knowledge, Attitudes and Behavior among Adolescents in Zambia.” Child Abuse and Neglect 31 (2): 143-159.

Slutsker, L. 2009. Email to Jill Gay. July 2. .

Slutsker, L. 2012. Email to Jill Gay. June 20.

Slutsker, L. and B. Marston. 2007. “HIV and Malaria: Interactions and Implications.” Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 20: 3-10.

Small, P. and M. Pai. 2010. “TB Diagnosis – Time for a Game Change.” New England Journal of Medicine 11: 1070-1071.

SMART – The Strategies for Management of Antiretroviral Therapy (SMART) Study Group. 2006. “CD4+ Count-Guided Interruption of Antiretroviral Treatment.” New England Journal of Medicine 355 (22): 2283-2296.

Smart, T. 2012a. “TB, HIV, Mothers, and Children: Time for Action.” HIV & AIDS Treatment in Practice 188: 2-10.

Smart, T. 2012b. “Strengthening TB Lab Capacity to Support Active Case Finding.” HIV & AIDS Treatment in Practice 191: 1-14.

Smart, T. and K. Alcorn. 2009. “Switching from Efavirenz to Nevirapine in Women with Higher CD4 Counts.” HIV & AIDS in Treatment in Practice 136: 1-8. www.aidsmap.com

Smee, N., A. Shetty, L. Stranix-Chibanda, M. Chirenje, T. Chipato, Y. Maldonado and C. Portillo. 2011. “Factors Associated with Repeat Pregnancy among Women in an Area of High HIV Prevalence in Zimbabwe.” Women’s Health Issues 21 (3): 222-229.

Smith, C., M. Battin, L. Francis and J. Jacobson. 2007. “Should Rapid Tests for HIV Infection Now Be Mandatory during Pregnancy? Global Differences in Scarcity and A Dilemna of Technological Advance.” Developing World Bioethics 7 (2): 86-103.

Smith, D. 2007. “Modern Marriage, Men’s Extramarital Sex, and HIV Risk in Southeastern and HIV Risk in Southeastern Nigeria.” American Journal of Public Health 97(6): 997-1005.

Smith, D. and B. Mbakwem. 2010. “Antiretroviral Therapy and Reproductive Life Projects: Mitigating the Stigma of AIDS in Nigeria.” Social Science & Medicine 71 (2): 345-352.

Smith, K., K. Powers, A. Kashuba and M. Cohen. 2011. “HIV-1 Treatment as Prevention: The Good, the Bad, and the Challenges.” Current Opinion in HIV & AIDS 6 (4): 315-325.

Smith, L. R., Amico, K. R., Shuper, P. A., Christie, S., Fisher, W. A., Cornman, D. H., Doshi, M., MacDonald, S., Pillay, S., Fisher, J. D., & Team, S. A. O. 2013a. Information, motivation, and behavioral skills for early pre-ART engagement in HIV care among patients entering clinical care in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. AIDS Care, 25(12), 1485-1490. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2013.775398

Smith, M. K., Rutstein, S. E., Powers, K. A., Fidler, S., Miller, W. C., Eron, J. J., Jr., & Cohen, M. S. 2013b. The detection and management of early HIV infection: a clinical and public health emergency. The Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, 63 Suppl 2, S187-199. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31829871e0

Smith, O., T. Minior, N. Jordan, J. Woolford, D. Vitalis and D. Storm. 2008. “A Multidisciplinary Approach to Improving Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy.” Abstract THPE0145. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Smith, R. and R. Rimal. 2009. “The Impact of Social Capital on HIV-related Actions as Mediated by Personal and Proxy Efficacies in Namibia.” AIDS & Behavior 13: 133-144.

Smith, R., J. Li, R. Gordon and J. Hefferman. 2009. “Can We Spend Our Way Out of the AIDS Epidemic? A World Halting AIDS Model.” BMC Public Health 1 (Supplement 1): S15.

Smit , J., M. Chersich, M. Beksinska, B. Kunene, N. Manzini, A. Hilber and F. Scorgie. 2011. “Prevalence and Self-reported Health Consequences of Vaginal Practices in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: Findings from a Household Survey.” Tropical Medicine & International Health 16 (2): 245-256.

Sneeringer, S. and T. Logan. 2009. “A Closer Examination of the HIV/Fertility Linkage.” DHS Working Papers No. 63. Washington, DC: USAID.

Snelling, D., D. Omibara, S. Hong, K. Georgiades, Y. Racine and M. Boyle. 2006. “HIV/AIDS Knowledge, Women’s Education, Epidemic Severity and Protective Sexual Behavior in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.” Journal of Biosocial Science 39: 421-442.

Snow, R., M. Madalane and M. Poulsen. 2010. “Are Men Testing? Sex Differentials in HIV Testing in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa.” AIDS Care 22 (9): 1060-1065.

Snow, R., M. Madaleni and M. Poulsen. 2008. “Are Men Testing? Sex Differentials in HIV Testing in Mpumalanga, South Africa.” Abstract MOPE0882. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

So-Armah, K., & Freiberg, M. S. 2014. Cardiovascular disease risk in an aging HIV population: not just a question of biology. Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS, 9(4), 346-354. doi: 10.1097/COH.0000000000000065

Socias, M. E., Rotryng, F., Lapadula, P., Medrano, M., Paz, D., Stern, L., Lambierto, A., & Pryluka, D. 2013. Treatment as prevention in resource-limited settings: is it feasible to maintain HIV viral load suppression over time? The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 7(8), 593-599. doi: 10.3855/jidc.2926

Sodhi, G. and M. Verma. 2003. “Sexual Coercion amongst Unmarried Adolescents of an Urban Slum in India.” Pp. 91-94 in Towards Adulthood: Exploring the Sexual and Reproductive Health of Adolescents in South Asia, edited by S. Jejeebhoy, I. Shah and C. Puri. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.

Sogarwal, R., D. Bachani and K. Rao. 2008. “Situational Analysis and Client Satisfaction Evaluation of ART Centers in India.” Abstract MOPE0887. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Sohn, A., T. Thanh, L. Thinh, T. Khanh, H. Thu, L. Giang and T. Lien. 2009. “Failure of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Enzyme Immunoassay to Rule Out Infection among Polymerase Chain Reaction-ngative Vietnamese Infants at 12 Months of Age.” Pediatrics Infectious Disease Journal 28 (4): 273-276.

Sohn, A.H., and Hazra, R. 2013. "The changing epidemiology of the global paediatric HIV epidemic: keeping track of perinatally HIV-infected adolescents." Journal of the International AIDS Society 16 18555.

Solarzano, I., A. Bank, R. Pena, H. Espinosza, M. Ellsberg and J. Pulerwitz. 2008. Catalyzing Personal and Social Change around Gender, Sexuality and HIV: Impact Evaluation of Puntos de Encuentro’s Communication Strategy in Nicaragua. Horizons Final Report. Washington, DC: Population Council.

Solhjell, R. 2009. Combating Sexual Violence in the DRC. Oslo, Norway: Norwegian Institute of International Affairs. www.nupi.no

Soliman, C., Z. El Taher, A. El Sattar, S. Shawky, B. Beyisetan, D. Oraby, S. Elkamhawi, D. Khaled, E. Salah and N. El Sayed. 2008. “Key Findings of Bio-BSS among High Risk Groups in the Middle East, Egypt Case Study.” Abstract TUPE0273. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Sollai, S., Noguera-Julian, A., Galli, L., Fortuny, C., Deyà, Á., de Martino, M., and Chiappini, E. (2015). Strategies for the prevention of mother to child transmission in Western countries: an update. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 34(5 Suppl 1): S14-S30. doi:10.1097/INF.0000000000000661

Solomon, S., K. Venkatesh, L. Brown, P. Verma, A. Cecelia, C. Daly, V. Mahendra, N. Cheng, N. Kumarasamy and K. Mayer. 2008. “Gender-related Differences in Quality of Life Domains of Persons Living with HIV/AIDS in South India in the Era Prior to Greater Access to Antiretroviral Therapy.” AIDS Patient Care & STDs 22 (12): 999-1005.

Solomon, S., M. Desai, A. Srikrishnan, E. Thamburaj, C. Vasudevan, M. Kumar, S. Solomon, D. Celentano and S. Mehta. 2010b. “The Profile of Injection Drug Users in Chennai, India: Identification of Risk Behaviors and Implications for Interventions.” Substance Use & Misuse 45 (3): 354-367.

Solomon, S., S. Mehta, A. Litmore, A. Srikrishnan and D. Celentano. 2010a. “The Impact of HIV and High-risk Behaviours on the Wives of Married Men Who Have Sex with Men and Injection Drug Users: Implications for HIV Prevention.” Journal of International AIDS Society 13 (Supplement 2): S7.

Solomon, S., S. Solomon, B. Masse, A. Srikrishnan, G. Beauchamp, E. Thamburaj, M. Gulvady, S. Anand and K. Mayer. 2006. “Risk Reduction Counseling Is Associated with Decreased HIV Transmission-associated Behaviors in High-risk Indian Heterosexuals.” Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 42 (4): 478-483.

Somma, D., B. Thomas, F. Karim, J. Kemp, N. Arias, C. Auer, G. Gosoniu and A. Abouihia. 2008. “Gender and Socio-cultural Determinants of TB-related Stigma in Bangladesh, India, Malawi and Colombia.” International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 12 (7): 856-866.

Sommarin, C., Kilbane, T., Mercy, J.A., Moloney-Kitts, M., et al. 2014. "Preventing sexual violence and HIV in children." Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999) 66 Suppl 2 S217-223.

Sommer, M. 2010. “Where the Education System and Women’s Bodies Collide: The Social and Health Impact of Girls’ Experiences of Menstruation and Schooling in Tanzania.” Journal of Adolescence 33 (4): 521-529.

Sommer, M. 2011. “An Overlooked Priority: Puberty in Sub-Saharan Africa.” American Journal of Public Health 101 (6): 979.

Sommer, M. and Ackatia-Armah. (2012). The gendered nature of schooling in Ghana: Hurdles to girls' menstrual management in school. JENdA: A Journal of Culture and African Women's Studies, 20: 63-79.

Sommer, M., Sutherland, C., and Chandra-Mouli, V. 2015. "Putting menarche and girls into the global population health agenda." Reproductive Health 12 24.

Soon, C.N., Kaida, A., Nkala, B., Dietrich, J., et al. 2013. "Adolescent experiences of HIV and sexual health communication with parents and caregivers in Soweto, South Africa." Sahara Journal 10 (3-4): 163-169.

Soon, G. G., Min, M., Struble, K. A., Chan-Tack, K. M., Hammerstrom, T., Qi, K., Zhou, S., Bhore, R., Murray, J. S., & Birnkrant, D. B. 2012. Meta-analysis of gender differences in efficacy outcomes for HIV-positive subjects in randomized controlled clinical trials of antiretroviral therapy (2000-2008). AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 26(8), 444-453. doi: 10.1089/apc.2011.0278

Soorapanth, S., S. Sansom, M. Bulterys, M. Besser, G. Theron, M.G. Fowler. 2006. “Cost-effectiveness of HIV Rescreening during Late Pregnancy to Prevent Mother-to-child HIV Transmission in South Africa and Other Resource-limited Settings.” Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 42(2): 213-21.

Soriano, V., E. Vispo, P. Labarga, J. Medrano and P. Barreiro. 2010. “Viral Hepatitis and HIV Co-infection.” Antiviral Research 85 (1): 303-315.

Sorsdahl, K., S. Mall, D. Stein and J. Joska. 2010. “Perspectives towards Mental Illness in People Living with HIV/AIDS in South Africa.” AIDS Care 22 (11): 1418-1427.

Sotgiu, G., A. Abore, V. Cojacuriu, A. Piana, G. Ferrar, D. Cirillo, A. Matteelli, P. Castiglia, L. Ditui, A. Spanevello, J.-P. Zellweger, T. Mihaescu and G. Migliori. 2008. “High Risk of Tuberculosis in Health Care Workers in Romania.” International Journal of Tuberculosis & Lung Disease 12 (6): 606-611.

Southern Africa Litigation Centre (SALC). 2013. “No Justice for the Poor: A Preliminary Study of the Law and Practice relating to Arrests for Nuisance-related Offences in Blantyre, Malawi.” Johannesburg, South Africa: Southern Africa Litigation Centre. www.southernafricalitigationcentre.org

Southern Africa Litigation Centre (SALC). 2014. “News Release: Botswana Government Ordered to provide HIV Treatment to Non-Citizen Prisoners,” 18 March.

Sow, K. 2014. Procreation au temps des antiretroviraux au Senegal – Childbearing in the era of ART in Senegal. Bulletin De La Société De Pathologie Exotique (1990), 107(4): 252-257. doi:10.1007/s13149-014-0393-2

Spangler, S. A., Onono, M., Bukusi, E. A., Cohen, C. R., and Turan, J. M. (2014). HIV-positive status disclosure and use of essential PMTCT and maternal health services in rural Kenya. Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999), 67 Suppl 4: S235-S242. doi:10.1097/QAI.0000000000000376

Spaulding, A., C. Kenndy, L. Almers, D. Brickly, G. Kenndy, L. Packel, M. Mbizo, L. Collins and K. Osborne. 2008. “Linking Family Planning with HIV/AIDS Services: A Systematic Review of the Evidence for Effectiveness.” Abstract THPE0531. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Spaulding, A., D. Brickley, C. Kennedy, L. Almers, L. Packel, J. Mirjahangir, G. Kennedy, L. Collins, K. Osborne and M. Mbizvo. 2009. “Linking Family Planning with HIV/AIDS Interventions: A Systematic Review of the Evidence.” AIDS 23 (Supplement 1): S79-S88.

Speight, C., A. Klufio, N. Kilonzo, C. Mbugua, E. Kurai, J. Bunn and M. Taegtmeyer. 2006. “Piloting Post-exposure Prophylaxis in Kenya Raises Specific Concerns for the Management of Childhood Rape.” Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 100: 14-18.

Speizer, I., R. Magnani and C. Colvin. 2003. “The Effectiveness of Adolescent Reproductive Health Interventions in Developing Countries: A Review of the Evidence.” Journal of Adolescent Health 33 (5): 324-348.

Spiegel, P. 2010. “HIV in Emergencies – Much Achieved, Much to Do.” Forced Migration Review: HIV/AIDS, Security and Conflict (Supplement): 8-9. www.fmreview.org

Spiegel, P., A. Bennedsen, J. Claass, L. Bruns, N. Patterson, D. Yiweza, M. Schilperoord. 2007. “Prevalence of HIV Infection in Conflict-affected and Displaced People in Seven Sub-Saharan African Countries: A Systematic Review.” Lancet 369 (9580): 2187-2195.

Spiegel, P., E. Mills, M. Joffres and A. Anema. 2011. “The Imperative to Respond with Appropriate and Timely Interventions to Mass Rape in Conflict-affected Areas.” AIDS 25 (3): 391-394.

Spino, A., M. Clark and S. Stash. 2010. “HIV Prevention for Serodiscordant Couples.” Arlington, VA: USAID/ JSI. www.aidstar-one.com

Sprague, C. 2009. “Cuo Bono? A Capabilities Approach to Understanding HIV Prevention and Treatment for Pregnant Women and Children in South Africa.” Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. South Africa: University of Witwatersrand.

Sprague, C., M. Chersich and V. Black. 2011. “Health System Weaknesses Constrain Access to PMTCT and Maternal HIV Services in South Africa: A Qualitative Enquiry.” AIDS Research and Therapy 3 (8): 10.

Sreeramareddy, C., K. Panduru, S. Verma, H. Joshi, and M. Bates. 2008. “Comparison of Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in Nepal - A Hospital-based Retrospective Study." BMC Infectious Diseases 8: 8.

Sriondee, R., Nateetanasombat, K., Namjuntra, R., Ratanasuwan, W. 2015. Effects of cognitive and behavioral program on drug adherence, DC4 and AIDS knowledge in late adolescent and early adult HIV/AIDS patients.Siriraj. 14-19.

Ssali, S., L. Atuyambe, C. Tumwine, E. Segujia, N. Nekesa, A. Nannungi, G. Ryan and G. Wagner. 2010. “Reasons for Disclosure of HIV Status by Young People Living with HIV/AIDS and in HIV Care in Uganda: An Exploratory Study.” AIDS Patient Care and STDs 24 (10): 675-681.

Ssemwanga, D., F. Lyagoba, N. Ndembi, B. Mayanja, N. Larke, S. Wang, J. Baalwa, C. Williamson, H. Grosskurth and P. Kaleebu. 2011. “Multiple HIV-1 Infections with Evidence of Recombination in Heterosexual Partnerships in a Low Risk Rural Clinical Cohort in Uganda.” Virology 411 (1): 113-131.

Ssengonzi, R. 2007. “The Plight of Older Persons as Caregivers to People Infected / Affected By HIV/AIDS: Evidence from Uganda.” Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology 22 (4): 339-353.

Ssewamala F., C. Han, T. Neilands, L. Ismayilova and E. Sperber. 2010. “Effect of Economic Assets on Sexual Risk-Taking Intentions Among Orphaned Adolescents in Uganda.” American Journal of Public Health 100 (3): 483-488.

Ssewamala, F., C.-H. Han, and T. Neilands. 2009. “Asset Ownership and Health and Mental Health Functioning Among AIDS-Orphaned Adolescents: Findings from a Randomized Clinical Trial in Rural Uganda.” Social Science & Medicine 69 (2): 191-198.

Ssewamala, F., S. Alicea, W. Bannon and L. Isayilova. 2008. “A Novel Economic Intervention to Reduce HIV Risks among School-Going AIDS Orphans in Rural Uganda.” Journal of Adolescent Health 42: 102-104.

Ssewankambo, F., C. Naluga, G. Namale, I. Luatalo and A. Kambugo. 2009. “Determinants of Contraceptive Use among HIV Infected Women Attending Care in an Urban Center.” Abstract. International Conference on Family Planning. Muyonyo, Uganda. Nov. 15-18. www.fpconference.org

Stachowiak, J. and A. Peryshkina. 2007. “Women’s Health and Women’s Rights: Selling Sex in Moscow.” Pp. 88-104 in Edited by C. Beyrer and H. Pizer. 2007. Public Health and Human Rights: Evidence-based Approaches. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Stadler, J. and S. Delany. 2006. “The ‘Healthy Brothel’: The Context of Clinical Services for Sex Workers in Hillbrow, South Africa.” Culture, Health & Sexuality 8 (5): 451-463.

Stadler, J., S. Delany and M. Mntambo. 2007. “Sexual Coercion and Sexual Desire: Ambivalent Meanings of Heterosexual Anal Sex in Soweto, South Africa.” AIDS Care 19 (10): 1189-1193.

Stangl, A., Bond, V., Mackworth-Young, C.,Sievwright, K., et al. 2015. Transitional to a healthy adulthood: Lessons learned from adolescent girls living with HIV in urban Zambia. Washington, DC: International Center for Research on Women.

Stangl, A., D. Carr, L. Brady, T. Eckhaus, M. Claeson and L. Nyblade. 2010. Tackling HIV-Related Stigma and Discrimination in South Asia. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Stanton, D. and R. Ferris. 2011. “ARVs as Prevention: New and Incontrovertible Evidence, Challenges to Implementation.” Powerpoint presentation, Sept. 30 at MAQ. Washington, DC.

Stanwood N., S. Cohn, J. Heiser and M. Pugliese. 2007. “Contraception and Fertility Plans in a Cohort of HIV-positive Women in Care.” Contraception 75 (4): 294-298.

Steele, K., A. Steenhoff, C. Newcomb, T. Rantleru, R. Nthobatsang, G. Lesetedi, S. Bellamy, J. Nachega, R. Gross and G. Bisson. 2011. “Early Mortality and AIDS Progression Despite High Initial Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence and Virologic Suppression in Botswana.” PLoS ONE 6 (6): e20010.

Steen, R., T. Wi, A. Kamali and F. Ndowa. 2009. “Control of Sexually Transmitted Infections and Prevention of HIV Transmission: Mending a Fractured Paradigm.” Bulletin of the World Health Organization 87: 858-865.

Steen, T., K. Seipone, L. Gomez Fde, M. Anderson, M. Kejelepula, K. Keapoletswe and H. Moffat. 2007. “Two and a Half Years of Routine HIV Testing in Botswana.” Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 44 (4): 484-488.

Steinberg, M., S. Johnson, G. Schierhout, D. Ndegwa, K. Hall and B. Russell. 2002. Hitting home: how households cope with the impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic.A Survey of Households Affected by HIV/AIDS in South Africa. Washington, DC: The Henry J Kaiser Family Foundation.

Steinbrook, R. 2008. “The AIDS Epidemic – A Progress Report from Mexico City.” New England Journal of Medicine359 (9): 885-887.

Steiner, B., M. Benner, E. Sondorp, K. Schmitz, U. Mesmer and S. Rosenberger. 2009. “Sexual Violence in the Protracted Conflict of DRC Programming for Rape Survivors in South Kivu.” Conflict and Health 3: 3.

Steinzor, N. 2003. Women’s Property and Inheritance Rights: Improving Lives in Changing Times. Final Synthesis and Conference Proceedings Paper. Washington, DC: WIDTECH and Development Alternatives, Inc. http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/crosscutting_programs/wid/pubs/womens_property_inheritance.pdf.

Stek, A. 2008. “Antiretroviral Treatment in Pregnancy.” Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS 3 (2): 155-160.

Stephenson, J. 2008. “HIV Prevention Studies Yield Mixed Results.” Journal of American Medical Association 299 (13): 1529-1530.

Stephenson, R. 2007. “Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Domestic Violence: The Sleeping Giants of Indian Health?” Indian Journal of Medical Sciences 61 (5): 251-252.

Stephenson, R. 2010. “Community-level Gender Equity and Extramarital Sexual Risk-taking among Married Men in Eight African Countries.” International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health 36 (4): 178-188.

Stephenson, R., E. Mendenhall, L. Muzizi, B. Vwalika, E. Chomba, Y. Ahmed, L. Clark, D. Roth, J. Telfair, A. Haworth and S. Allen. 2008. “The Influence of Motivational Messages on Future Planning Behaviors among HIV Concordant Positive and Discordant Couples in Lusaka, Zambia.” AIDS Care 20 (2): 150-60.

Stevens, M. 2008. “From HIV Prevention to Reproductive Health Choices: HIV/AIDS Treatment Guidelines for Women of Reproductive Age.” African Journal of AIDS Research 7 (3): 353-359.

Stevens, M. 2009. “Guidelines for Women of Reproductive Age.” Policy Brief No. 1. Durban, South Africa: Health Systems Trust. www.hst.org.za

Stevens, W. S., & Ford, N. 2014. Time to reduce CD4+ monitoring for the management of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected individuals. South African Medical Journal, 104(8), 559-560. doi: 10.7196/samj.8299

Steward, W., S. Chandy, G. Singh, S. Panicker, T. Osmand, E. Heylen and M. Ekstrand. 2011. “Depression Is Not an Inevitable Outcome of Disclosure Avoidance: HIV Stigma and Mental Health in a Cohort of HIV-infected Individuals from Southern India.” Psychology, Health & Medicine 16 (1): 75-85.

Stewart, R. D., Wells, C. E., Roberts, S. W., Rogers, V. L., McElwee, B. S., McIntire, D. D., & Sheffield, J. S. 2014. Benefit of interpregnancy HIV viral load suppression on subsequent maternal and infant outcomes. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 211(3), 297 e291-296. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2014.04.020

Stimson, G. and R. Lines. 2010. “Bridging the Gap: An Analysis of Global Spend and Resourcing Need for Harm Reduction.” Pp. 121-128 in Edited by C. Cook. The Global State of Harm Reduction 2010: Key Issues for Broadening the Response. London, UK: International Harm Reduction Association. www.ihra.net

Stinson, K., & Myer, L. (2012). Barriers to initiating antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy: a qualitative study of women attending services in Cape Town, South Africa. Ajar-African Journal Of Aids Research, 11(1), 65-73.

Stinson, K., A. Boulle, D. Coetzee, E. Abrams and L. Myer. 2010. “Initiation of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy among Pregnant Women in Cape Town, South Africa.” Tropical Medicine and International Health 15 (7): 825-832.

Stinson, K., Ford, N., Cox, V., & Boulle, A. 2014. Patients lost to care are more likely to be viremic than patients still in care. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 58(9), 1344-1345. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciu072

Stinson, K., Jennings, K., and Myer, L. (2013). Integration of antiretroviral therapy services into antenatal care increases treatment initiation during pregnancy: a cohort study. Plos One, 8(5): e63328. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0063328

Stoneburner, R. and D. Low-Beer. 2004. "Population-Level HIV Declines and Behavioral Risk Avoidance in Uganda." Science 304: 714-718.

Stop TB Partnership. 2011. “Time to Act, Time to Save a Million Lives by 2015.” Geneva, Switzerland : STOP TB Partnership.

StopAIDS. 2015. "Towards a DFID Strategy on Global Health." London, UK: StopAIDS.

Storer, G. 2007. “Sexual and Reproductive Health Programming for Young Urban Males.” Phnom Penh, Cambodia: CARE International.

Storla, D., S. Yimer and G. Bjune. 2008. “A Systematic Review of Delay in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Tuberculosis.” BMC Public Health 8:15.

Stover, J. and M. Fahnestock. 2006. Coverage of Selected Services for HIV/AIDS Prevention, Care, and Treatment in Low- and Middle-Income Countries in 2005. Washington, DC: Constella Futures, POLICY Project. Website: www.ConstellaFutures.com

Stover, J., B. Fidzani, B. Molomo, T. Moeti and G. Musuka. 2008. “Estimated HIV Trends and Program Effects in Botswana.” PLoS One 3 (11): e3729.

Stover, J., Gopalappa, C., Mahy, M., Doherty, M. C., Easterbrook, P. J., Weiler, G., & Ghys, P. D. 2014b. The impact and cost of the 2013 WHO recommendations on eligibility for antiretroviral therapy. AIDS, 28 Suppl 2, S225-230. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000235

Stover, J., Rosen, J., Kasedde, S., Idele, P., et al. 2014a. "The impact and cost of the HIV/AIDS investment framework for adolescents." Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999) 66 Suppl 2 S170-175.

Stover, J., S. Bertozzi, J. Gutierrez, N. Walker, K. Stanecki, R. Greener, E. Gouws, C. Hankins, G. Garnett, J. Salomon, J. Boerma, P. De Lay and P. Ghys. 2007. “The Global Impact of Scaling Up HIV/AIDS Prevention Programs in Low-and Middle-Income Countries.” Science 311: 1474-1476.

Strachan, M., A. Kwateng-Addo, K. Hardee, S. Subramaniam, N. Judice and K. Agarwal. 2004. An Analysis of Family Planning Content in HIV/AIDS, VCT and PMTCT Policies in 16 Countries. Working Paper Series No. 9. Washington, D.C.: POLICY Project.

Strand, R., L. Fernandes Dias, S. Bergström and S. Andersson. 2007. “Unexpected Low Prevalence of HIV among Fertile Women in Luanda, Angola. Does War Prevent the Spread of HIV?” International Journal of STD & AIDS 18 (7): 467-471.

Strasser, S., Bitarakwate, E., Gill, M., Hoffman, H., Musana, O., Phiri, A., Shelley, K. D., Sripipatana, T., Ncube, A. T. and Chintu, N. (2012). Introduction of Rapid Syphilis Testing Within Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Programs in Uganda and Zambia: A Field Acceptability and Feasibility Study. Jaids-Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 61(3): E40-E46.

Strathdee, S., M. Newell, F. Bastos and T. Patterson. 2006. “HIV Prevention Programmes: An Overview.” Pp. 67-85. In edited by E. Beck, N. Mays, A. Whiteside, J. Zuniga and L. Holland. The HIV Pandemic: Local and Global Implications. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

Strathdee, S., T. Hallett, N. Bobrova, T. Rhodes, R. Booth, R. Abdool and C. Hankins. 2010. “HIV and Risk Environment for Injecting Drug Users: The Past, Present and Future.” Lancet 376 (9737): 268-284.

Strebel, A., M. Crawford, T. Shefer, A. Cloete, N. Henda, M. Kaufman, L. Simbayi, K. Magome and S. Kalichman. 2006. “Social Constructions of Gender Roles, Gender-based Violence and HIV/AIDS in Two Communities of the Western Cape, South Africa.” Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS 3 (3); 516-528.

Strickland, R. 2004. “To Have and To Hold: Women’s Property and Inheritance Rights in the Context of HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa.” ICRW Working Paper. Washington, DC: International Center for Research on Women.

Stringer, E. 2009. “An Overview of Hormonal Contraception and HIV Progression.” Abstract. International Conference on Family Planning. Muyonyo, Uganda. Nov. 15-18. www.fpconference.org

Stringer, E. M., Meltzer-Brody, S., Kasaro, M., Stuebe, A. M., Wiegand, S., Paul, R., and Stringer, J. A. (2014). Depression, pregnancy, and HIV: The case to strengthen mental health services for pregnant and post-partum women in sub-Saharan Africa. The Lancet Psychiatry, 1(2): 159-162. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(14)70273-1

Stringer, E., C. Kaseba, J. Levy, M. Sinkala, R. Goldenberg, B. Chi, I. Matongo, S. Vermund and M. Mwannahamuntu. 2007. “A Randomized Trial of the Intrauterine Contraceptive Device vs. Hormonal Contraception in Women Who Are Infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus.” American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology 197: 144e1-144e.8.

Stringer, E., M. Giganti, R. Carter, W. El-Sadr, E. Abrams, and J. Stringer for the MTCT-Plus Initiative. 2009. “Hormonal Contraception and HIV Disease Progression: A Multicountry Cohort Analysis of the MTCT-Plus Initiative." AIDS 23 (Supplement 1): S69-S67.

Stringer, E., N. Chintu, J. Levy, M. Sinkala, B. Chi, J. Muyanga, M. Bulterys, M. Bweupe, K. Megazzini and J. Stringer. 2008. “Declining HIV Prevalence among Young Pregnant Women in Lusaka, Zambia.” Bulleting of the World Heatlh Organization 86 (9): 697-702.

Stringer, J., I. Zulu, J. Levy, E. Stringer, A. Mwango, B. Chi, V. Mtonga, S. Reid, R. Cantrell, M. Bulterys, M. Saag, R. Marlink, A. Mwinga, T. Ellerbrock, M. Sinkala. 2006. “Rapid Scale-up of Antiretroviral Therapy at Primary Care Sites in Zambia: Feasibility and Early Outcomes.” Journal of the American Medical Association 296 (7): 782-789

Strode, A. C. Slack and Z. Essack. 2010. “Child Consent in South African Law: Implications for Researchers, Service Providers and Policy-makers.” South African Medical Journal 100 (4): 247-249.

Stroeken, K., Remes, P., De Koker, P., Michielsen, K., et al. 2012. "HIV among out-of-school youth in Eastern and Southern Africa: a review." AIDS Care 24 (2): 186-194.

Stuart, G. 2009. “Fourteen Million Women with Limited Options: HIV/AIDS and Highly Effective Reversible Contraception in sub-Saharan Africa.” Contraception 80 (5): 412-416.

Stubbel, K., G. Soon, M. Min, K. Chan-Tack, J. Murray and D. Birnkrant. 2009. “Meta-analysis of Efficacy Outcomes for Treatment-naïve and Treatment-experienced HIV-infected Women in Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials: 2000 to 20008.” Abstract 987B. 16th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. Montreal, Canada. February 8-11. 

Stuikyte, R. S. Schonning and S. Merkinaite. 2008. “Access to ARV for IDU in Eastern Europe and Central Asia: The Challenge of Using Available Funds Rights.” Abstract TUPE0205. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Stulhofer, A., D. Lausevic, I. Bozicevic, V. Bacak, B. Mugoba, N. Terzic and T. Drglin. 2010. “HIV Risks among Female Sex Workers in Croatia and Montenegro.” Collegium Antropologicum 34 (3): 881-886.

Stumer, M., H. Doerr, A. Berger and P. Gute. 2008. “Case Report: Is Transmission of HIV-1 in Non-viraemic Serodiscordant Couples Possible?” Antiretroviral Therapy 13: 729-732.

Sturt, A., E. Dokubo and T. Sint. 2010. “Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) for treating HIV Infection in ART-eligible Pregnant Women (Review).” Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (3): CD008440.

Subhaluuksuksakorn, P., T. Jinavong and U. Udomsubpayakul. 2008. “Sexual Risk Behavior among HIV-infected Persons Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in Thailand.” Abstract TUPE0844. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Sudarsanam, T., J. John, G. Kang, V. Mahendri, J. Gerrior, M. Franciosa, S. Gopal, K. John, C. Wanke, and J. Muliyil. 2011. “Pilot Randomized Trial of Nutritional Supplementation in Patients with Tuberculosis and HIV-Tuberculosis Coinfection Receiving Directly Observed Short-Course Chemotherapy for Tuberculosis.” Tropical Medicine & International Health 16 (6): 699-706.

Sullivan, P., K. Kayitenkore, E. Chomba, E. Karita, L. Mwanayanda, C. Vwalika, M. Conkling, N. Luisi, A. Tichacek and S. Allen. 2009. “Reduction of HIV Transmission Risk and High Risk Sex While Prescribed ART: Results from Discordant Couples in Rwanda and Zambia.” Abstract 52LB. 16th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. Montreal, Canada.  February 8-11.

Sullivan, S. and Z. Wu. 2007. “Rapid Scale Up of Harm Reduction in China.” International Journal on Drug Policy 18 (2): 118-128.

Sullivan, S., J. Xu, Y. Feng, S. Su, C. Xu, X. Ding, Y. Gao, Z. Dou and Z. Wu. 2010a. "Stigmatizing Attitudes and Behaviors Toward PLHA in Rural China." AIDS Care 22 (1): 104-111.

Sullivan, S., Z. Wu and R. Detels. 2010b. “Missed Opportunities for HIV Testing and Counselling in Asia.” AIDS 24 (Supplement 3): S49-S53.

Sumner, S.A., Mercy, J.A., Saul, J., Motsa-Nzuza, N., et al., 2015. Prevalence of sexual violence against children and use of social services – seven countries, 2007-2013. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 64 (21).

Sunguya, B.F., Poudel, K.C., Mlunde, L.B., Urassa, D.P., et al. 2014. "Poor nutrition status and associated feeding practices among HIV-positive children in a food secure region in Tanzania: a call for tailored nutrition training." PloS one 9 (5): e98308.

Sunthornchart, S., R. Linkins, V. Natephisarnwanish, W. Levine, K. Maneesinthu, R. Lolekha, J. Tappero, N. Trirat, S. Muktier, P. Chancharastong, K. Fox, S. Donchalermpak, C. Vitek and S. Supawitkul. 2008. “Prevalence of Hepatitis C, Tetanus, Hepatitis A, Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Feasibility of Vaccine Delivery among Injecting Drug Users in Bangkok, Thailand, 2003-2005.” Addiction 103: 1687-1695.

Supervie, V., Y. Halima and S. Blower. 2010. “Assessing the Impact of Mass Rape on the Incidence of HIV in Conflict-affected Countries.” AIDS 24 (18): 2841-2847.

Surkan, P., J. Mukherjee, D. Williams, E. Eustache, E. Louis, T. Jean-Paul, W. Lambert, F. Scanlan, C. Oswald and M. Fawzi. 2010. “Perceived Discrimination and Stigma toward Children Affected by HIV/AIDS and their HIV-positive Caregivers in Central Haiti.” AIDS Care 22 (7): 803-815.

Suryavanshi, N., A. Erande, H. Pisai, A. Shankar, R. Bhosale, R. Bollinger, M. Phadke and J. Sastry. 2009. “Repeated Pregnancy among Women with Known HIV Status in Pune, India.” AIDS Care 20 (9): 1111-1118.

Susser, I. 2009. AIDS, Sex, and Culture: Global Politics and Survival in Southern Africa. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. www.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell.

Susser, I. and Z. Stein. 2000. “Culture, Sexuality, and Women’s Agency in the Prevention of HIV/AIDS in Southern Africa.” American Journal of Public Health 90 (7): 1042-1048.

Suthar, A. B., Granich, R., Mermin, J., & Van Rie, A. 2012. Effect of cotrimoxazole on mortality in HIV-infected adults on antiretroviral therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 90(2), 128C-138C. doi: 10.2471/BLT.11.093260

Suthar, A. B., Hoos, D., Beqiri, A., Lorenz-Dehne, K., McClure, C., and Duncombe, C. (2013). Integrating antiretroviral therapy into antenatal care and maternal and child health settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Bulletin Of The World Health Organization, 91(1): 46-56. doi:10.2471/BLT.12.107003

Sutherland, E., J. Alaii, J. Liku, M. Green, S. Tsui, S.Luchers, N. King’ola, S. Abdallah, J. Okai and M. Temmerman. 2008. “Estimating the Contraceptive Needs of Women Traditionally Targeted for HIV/STI Services in Kenya.” Abstract WEPE0781. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Svanemyr, J., Baig, Q. and Chandra-Mouli, V.2015. "Scaling up of life skills based education in Pakistan: A case study." Sex Education 15 (3): 249-262.

Swahn, M.H., Braunstein, S., and Kasirye, R. 2014. "Demographic and psychosocial characteristics of mobile phone ownership and usage among youth living in the slums of Kampala, Uganda." The Western Journal of Emergency Medicine 15 (5): 600-603.

Swain , S., N. Saggurti, M. Battala, R. Verma and A. Jain. 2011. “Experience of Violence and Adverse Reproductive Health Outcomes, HIV Risks among Mobile Female Sex Workers in India.” BMC Public Health 11: 357.

Swal, G., H. Mponezya and V. Tembe. 2008. “Political Will Offers Hope in Halting and Reversing the HIV/AIDS Disaster in sub Saharn African Countries: The Case of Tanzania.” WEPE0988. XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico. August 3-8.

Swaminathan, H., N. Bhatla and S. Chakraborty. 2007. Women’s Property Rights as an AIDS Response: Emerging Efforts in South Asia. Washington, DC: International Center for Research on Women.

Swan, T. 2012. Email to Jill Gay. June 11.

Swan, T. and D. Raymond. 2004. Hepatitis CVirus and HIV/HCV Co-infection: Updated 2004. A Critical Review of Research and Treatment. NY, NY: Treatment Action Group.

Swartz, S., Deutsch, C., Makoae, M., Michel, B., et al. 2012. "Measuring change in vulnerable adolescents: findings from a peer education evaluation in South Africa." Sahara Journal 9 (4): 242-254.

Swartzendruber, A., Steiner, R. J., Adler, M. R., Kamb, M. L., and Newman, L. M. (2015). Introduction of rapid syphilis testing in antenatal care: A systematic review of the impact on HIV and syphilis testing uptake and coverage. International Journal Of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 130: S15-S21. doi:10.1016/j.ijgo.2015.04.008

Sweat, M., S. Morin, D. Celentano, M. Mulawa, B. Singh, J. Mbwambo, S. Kawishai, A. Chingono, G. Khumalo-Satukwa, G. Gray, L. Richter, M. Kulich, A. Sadowski, T. Coates and the Project Accept Study Team. 2011. “Community-based Intervention to Increase HIV Testing and Case Detection in People aged 16 -32 Years in Tanzania, Zimbabwe, and Thailand (NIMH Project Accept, HPTN 043): A Randomised Study.” Lancet 11: 525-532.

Swendeman, D., I. Basu, S. Das, S. Jana and M. Rotheram-Borus. 2009. "Empowering Sex Workers in India to Reduce Vulnerability to HIV and Sexually Transmitted Diseases." Social Science & Medicine 69 (8): 1157-1166.

Sychareun, V., S. Thomsen and E. Faxelid. 2011. “Concurrent Multiple Health Risk Behaviors among Adolescents in Luangnamtha Province, Lao PDR.” BMC Public Health 11: 36.

Symington, A. 2012. Malawi: new inheritance legislation includes rights-protecting provisions. HIV/AID Policy & Law Review 16: 40.

Szreter, S. and M. Woolcock. 2004. “Health by Association? Social Capital, Social Theory, and the Political Economy of Public Health.” International Journal of Epidemiology 33: 700-704.